Hundreds of millions of irregular pores are arranged on every square centimeter of the film. These pores are smaller than water molecules, but larger than human sweat molecules! The sweat of the human body can be smoothly excreted through these small holes to achieve the function of waterproof and breathable.
Because the gas close to the human body will be relatively hot, and the pressure will be greater than the external gas, the sweat will be automatically discharged under the action of this pressure; at the same time, because the pores of the film on the fabric are very small, the wind cannot pass through, so it has excellent performance. Windproof function.
I still know the ventilation principle of PU and PTFE film.
I mentioned "fluffy" in the previous reply. The "fluffy" mentioned here refers to the structure of the film from a microscopic point of view. The process of film preparation is directly related to the air permeability, so the gap between the film structures is large (fluffy). Of course, the ventilation performance will be stronger.
If it is difficult to understand, you can refer to the surface of the sponge.
The picture below is the microstructure diagram
Another sectional view of the microstructure of the PU film composite fabric, the upper part is PU coating, and the lower part is fabric
The principle of outdoor waterproof and breathable materials is the same, so that the air holes of the material are between water and gas molecules. This principle is well known to everyone, but the specific method used to achieve it is an absolute business secret.
1, mont-bell waterproof fabric three-level system
As the world's leading manufacturer of waterproof outerwear, mont-bell understands that the requirement of high-quality waterproof outerwear is not as simple as "waterproof". Different people have different opinions on the breathability, weight, equivalent volume and price of the outerwear in different occasions. Due to different requirements, mont-bell uses three different waterproof fabrics for different purposes.
2. Gore-Tex
The highly acclaimed Gore-Tex has high performance in both waterproof and breathable aspects, so it is the choice for making top-of-the-line outerwear. Gore-Tex itself is a very thin layer of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film ePTFE (expandedPoly-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene), which is placed on the fabric in a sandwich manner. It is characterized by 1.4 billion small holes per square inch. The size of each hole is only 1/20,000 of a water droplet, but it is 700 times larger than a water vapor molecule, so it only allows water vapor to pass through but not water spots. The degree of water pressure is as high as 45,000mm, and the air permeability is as high as 13,500g/m2/24hrs, so it has excellent waterproof and breathable function.
3. Dry-Tec waterproof breathable membrane
For those who require extreme lightness, mont-bell specially developed Dry-Tec tarpaulin, which has a water resistance of up to 30,000mm water pressure, which is similar to Gore-Tex, and also has a water resistance of up to 6,000g/㎡/24hrs The air permeability is 1/3 lighter than that of Gore-Tex, and the equivalent volume is nearly half smaller. It is a new generation of super PU waterproof and breathable membrane developed by mont-bell. Its secret is to mix PolyUrethane (polyurethane) and Ceramic (silicon carbon) technology, and use a three-layer structure to synthesize. The bottom layer is a very tough film to bind the fabric and resist water pressure. The micropores are only 0.1mm in size. The center is a highly breathable layer with larger micropores (5-10mm), and the last layer contains siliconized carbon. , Thin and wear-resistant protective film with a pore size of 5mm. This unique structure makes Dry-Tec exceptionally waterproof and breathable, yet lightweight. Other advantages of Dry-Tec include: the reduced volume is very small and it is very washable and wear-resistant, which is very suitable for the needs of active sports people. (1mm is 1/1000mm)
4. Craghoppers for AquaDry and AquaDryPro users
5. AquaFoil user Berghaus
6. Dentex is the first domestic manufacturer of waterproof and breathable fabrics. It used to mainly serve the military, but it has turned to civilian use since 2002.
7. A kind of windproof and breathable material produced by Activent American Gore Company, which has a little waterproof performance.
8. Conduit This is a rain-proof, wind-proof and breathable material developed by MountainHardware Company. It is called a living desiccant and is the nemesis of wind, rain and snow in nature.
9. An extremely light waterproof material from DryLoftGore, used to make sleeping bag jackets and high-end down jackets.
10. Omni-Dry
The hygroscopic and quick-drying material developed by Columbia company itself, this fabric can not only absorb water quickly, but also effectively bring water to the outside of the fabric to volatilize. Its water absorption performance is three times that of ordinary cotton cloth, and its volatilization rate is twice that of ordinary cotton cloth, so it can keep the wearer dry and comfortable, and is suitable for participating in various outdoor activities. This material is mainly used in the production of T-shirts, shirts, casual pants, etc.
11. Omni-Tech
Omni-Tech is a Columbia company's patent, it has the same waterproof, windproof and breathable function as Gore-Tex material. The surface of the fabric is coated with DWR (DurableWaterRepellent) waterproof coating, so that rainwater cannot penetrate. And a breathable film is pressed on the bottom layer of the fabric to help expel sweat, and the glue treatment at the connection makes it have professional functions in harsh environments. Even after 20 washings, it can still maintain 80% waterproof effect.
12. Outlast
Outlast is a material that can be called a human thermoregulator, which absorbs, stores and releases body heat, enabling our bodies to maintain a normal body temperature in extreme weather. Often used as a material for underwear and socks (which Lorpen uses).
13. TexApore is a waterproof, windproof and breathable material developed by JackWolfSkin.
